|
Niacin (Nicotinamide, Vitamin B-3)
Alternative names
Diet - niacin; Nicotinic acid
Definition
Niacin is a water-soluble vitamin necessary for many aspects of
health, growth, and reproduction. It is part of the vitamin B complex.
Niacin is necessary for circulation and healthy skin. Also important
to nervous system function, improvements of the digestive system, and
stabilizing cholesterol levels. Niacin in large doses lowers serum levels
of total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), very low-density
lipoprotein (VLDL), and triglycerides. High doses increase serum
levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Niacin has been
tested for its effects on cardiovascular-disease risk factors in a number
of major trials. In the largest of these, the effect of
niacin on cardiovascular endpoints was studied. The study included
8,341 men who had suffered a heart attack. In this randomized six-year
study, niacin, given in 1 gram doses three times a day, lowered
cholesterol levels by 10% and triglyceride (fats) levels by 26%. There was
a decrease of 27% in recurrent non-fatal heart attacks among the niacin
treated subjects. They also experienced 26% fewer cerebrovascular events.
Recommended Dietary Allowances: Men = 19 mg; Women = 15 mg; Pregnant
Women = 17 mg
IMPORTANCE:
- Improves circulation and reduces the cholesterol
level in the blood
- maintains the nervous system
- helps metabolize protein, sugar & fat
- reduces high blood pressure
- increases energy through proper utilization of food
- prevents pellagra
- helps maintain a healthy skin, tongue & digestive
system
DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS:
- pellagra
- gastrointestinal disturbance
- nervousness
- headaches
- fatigue
- mental depression
- vague aches & pains
- irritability
- loss of appetite
- insomnia
- skin disorders
- muscular weakness
- indigestion
- bad breath
- canker sores
|
